Mechanics B.Sc Notes
Classical Mechanics:
Definition: Classical mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects and the forces acting upon them. It is based on the principles formulated by Sir Isaac Newton in the 17th century.
Key Principles:
Newton’s Laws of Motion (First, Second, and Third Laws).
Conservation of Energy.
Conservation of Linear Momentum.
Describes the motion of macroscopic objects.
Composition of Forces:
Definition: The composition of forces refers to the process of combining multiple forces acting on an object to determine the overall effect on its motion.
Key Concepts:
Forces can be added or subtracted vectorially.
Resultant force: The single force that can replace multiple forces while producing the same effect.
Friction:
Definition: Friction is a force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of motion of two surfaces in contact.
Key Concepts:
Static friction: Acts on objects at rest.
Kinetic (dynamic) friction: Acts on objects in motion.
Depends on the nature of surfaces and the normal force between them.
Kinematics:
Definition: Kinematics is the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of objects without considering the forces causing the motion.
Key Concepts:
Describes motion in terms of displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
Involves mathematical equations to represent motion.
Rectilinear Motion:
Definition: Rectilinear motion refers to the motion of an object along a straight line.
Key Concepts:
Uniform rectilinear motion: Motion with constant velocity.
Non-uniform rectilinear motion: Motion with changing velocity.
Projectile:
Definition: Projectile motion refers to the motion of an object thrown into the air under the influence of gravity.
Key Concepts:
The motion can be divided into horizontal and vertical components.
The path followed is a parabola.
The range and maximum height can be calculated using kinematic equations.
These concepts are fundamental to understanding the motion of objects in classical mechanics. They provide a basis for solving problems related to the behavior of objects in various situations, from simple rectilinear motion to more complex projectile motion scenarios.
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